Nature contains fascinating, fascinating creatures that people can think of. These organisms range from the smallest protozoa to the largest mammals. All creatures need food to get energy. The method of capturing food differs among different taxa. Protozoa are also great for swallowing prey. The mechanism for getting nutrition is also amazing. Nutrition is the process of absorbing and digesting food and absorbing food for energy. The way in which protozoa receive nutrition is also very different. They represent almost all types of nutrition. They may be all-life, all-born, parasitic, symbiotic, mixed-nutrition, saprophytic.
1. New generation nutrition
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Most protozoa nourish themselves in the form of higher organisms. They can feed on a variety of microorganisms, rotifers, crustaceans, other protozoa, and the like. This protozoan is called the new generation. They may be carnivorous, herbivorous, omnivorous or dangerous. Holozoic nutrtion is also known as nutritional nutrition. This nutrition consists of three basic steps:
A. Food capture and ingestion
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The conventional method of food intake is also known as phagocytosis, which varies widely among different types of protozoa. Sports organelles play an important role in food capture and uptake. Rhumbler has defined four methods in which motor organelles are involved in food capture and ingestion.
One. City wall
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This method is a very common amoeba. Here, the prey is surrounded by all the moving organelles called pseudopods, without direct contact with the prey and forming a cup. The food cup is finished later by forming a food bubble that surrounds the prey with a lot of water.
Bay circulation
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This method is assisted by the movement of organelles called axopodia and reticulopodia to capture immobile prey. The food cup is formed by direct contact with the prey, and the cytoplasm flows around the prey to engulf it.
C. Invagination
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In this case, the prey is first killed by the toxin secreted by the pseudopod and then surrounded by the cytoplasm in the form of a food vacuole.
d. import
In this case, passive prey such as filamentous algae is simply inhaled into the body during contact and ingestion. The general body surface plays an important role in this process.
B. Digestion and assimilation
Digestion is always in the cell. The food bubble is surrounded by a film. Pour the acid, base and enzyme onto the food to ensure digestion. The reaction is first acidic and then alkaline. The prey is killed in an acidic environment for 4 to 60 minutes. Digestion occurs mainly in the alkaline phase. Digestive enzymes are aided by lysosomes. Protein cleavage proteases and starch cleavage amylases are widely available. The presence of lipogenic lipase is controversial.
C. digestion
In a bare form like amoeba, undigested material flows out of the body's obstruction. In some ciliates, digestion occurs through a permanent opening [called a cell protrusion] that is present at the back end of the body.
2. Rich in nutrition
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This type of nutrition is also known as autotrophic nutrition. This is very common in chlorophyll-based flagellates. These organisms perform photosynthesis with the help of carbon dioxide, water and chlorophyll. Oxygen is released and left carbon is used to make food. Starch is stored in the form of starch, but in Euglena it is stored in the form of paramylum, which is not dyed blue with iodine. Some protozoa inhabit symbiotic green algae for photosynthesis and food.
3. Saprozoic Nutrition
This type of nutrition is also known as permeability. Here, the flagellates that are in direct contact with the decomposed plants and animal organic matter acquire their nutrients. They get food in the form of dissolved substances.
4. pinocytosis
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This is also known as cell drinking. It was first studied by Mast and Doyle in Amoeba proteus in 1934. A pinocytosis channel is formed in the body for absorbing liquid food from the surrounding medium. This method helps the organism to obtain higher molecular weight compounds from the surrounding medium.
5. Parasitic nutrition
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Sporozoites are completely parasitic and gain nutrients by living in parasites in other animals. They fall into two categories:
One. Symbiosis
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They feed on the raw materials or digestive substances of the host in a precipitated manner. They are harmless endocrines. For example, Nyctotherus, Balantidium
Bay disease
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About 26 protozoans are known to be parasitic on the human body. They have a responsibility to cause terrible diseases such as sleeping sickness, malaria and so on.
6. Symbiotic nutrition
Many free-living protozoa feed on the feces of other animals and are called symbiotic animals. For example, Cercomonas et al.
7. Mixed nutrition
Several protozoa can get nutrition in a variety of ways. Euglena gracilis is able to nourish on plants and in humus.
No matter what the way to devour food, you can adapt to a huge environment.
Orignal From: How do protozoa get nutrition?
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