Living organisms continue to undergo chemical reactions that cause changes in energy in the body. All of these reactions and changes are called metabolism. Basically, metabolism consists of two processes, the synthesis or construction of complex body materials from simpler components and energy, and the decomposition or decomposition of these complex substances and energy. The first process is called anabolism and the second process is called catabolism.
One of the main characteristics of living organisms is the ability to raise. This is called nutrition. Therefore, nutrition is the process of obtaining energy and materials for cellular metabolism, including cell maintenance and repair and growth. In organisms, nutrition is a complex series of anabolic and catabolic processes through which food substances that enter the body are transformed into complex body matter [mainly for growth] and energy [for work]. In animals, the food material ingested is usually a complex insoluble compound. They are broken down into simpler compounds that can be absorbed into cells. In plants, the composite food material is first synthesized by plant cells and then distributed to all parts of the plant. Here, they are converted into simpler soluble forms that can be absorbed into the protoplasts of each cell. The raw materials needed to synthesize these complex food materials come from the air and soil in the plant environment.
All organisms that do not provide their own energy supply through photosynthesis or chemical synthesis are referred to as hybrid ostriches or hybrids. Hetero strophic means eating on others. All animals are crossed. Other organisms such as many types of bacteria, a few flowering plants and all fungi use this nutritional method. The way in which hybrids get food varies widely. However, in most cases, the way food is processed into a usable form in the body is very similar. However, all green plants have the ability to make carbohydrates from certain raw materials obtained from air and soil. This ability is important not only for the plant itself, but also for animals [including humans] that depend directly or indirectly on plants for food.
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants make food by using solar energy and available raw materials. It is the manufacture of carbohydrates in plants. It occurs only in the chlorophyll [ie green] cells of the leaves and stems. These green cells contain chloroplasts, which are essential for the synthesis of food. Therefore, all the raw materials required for photosynthesis, namely water and mineral salts from the soil, as well as carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, are transported to the most abundant chlorophyll cells in the leaves.
A large number of tiny pores or pores are usually present on the lower surface of most leaves to allow gas from the atmosphere to enter the tissues inside. A stoma is an elliptical epidermal cell called a guard cell. Each stoma is actually the pore size of the venting chamber. This is a large intercellular air space located near the stoma. It is continuous with other intercellular spaces found in the leaves. The size of each stomata depends on the curvature of the protective cells on its flank. When the guard cells are filled with water, they become swollen or swell, so the pores open. However, when the water level is low, they become soft or slack, and thus the pores close and collapse. When the stoma is open air enters the sub-aperture chamber and diffuses in the air around the cell to dissolve in the water surrounding the cell. This carbon dioxide solution then diffuses into the cells of the leaves, especially the palisade cells. Here, chloroplasts are used for photosynthesis.
Phosphate, chloride and bicarbonate carrying dissolved mineral salts such as sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium are absorbed from the soil by the roots. This soil water enters the root hair through a process called infiltration, and water molecules move from the lower concentration zone through the semipermeable membrane to the higher concentration zone. It is then conducted upwards from the roots through the xylem tissue, through the stems to the leaves. It is transported to all cells through veins and their branches.
The chloroplast contains a green pigment [chlorophyll] that gives the plant its color and absorbs the light energy in the sun. This energy is used in one of the first basic steps of photosynthesis; that is, the water molecules split into oxygen and hydrogen. This oxygen is released into the atmosphere. In a range of enzyme and energy consuming reactions, the use of hydrogen components also reduces carbon dioxide and forms complex organic compounds such as sugars and starches.
During photosynthesis, high-energy sustained compounds such as carbohydrates are synthesized by low-energy compounds such as carbon dioxide and water in the presence of sunlight and chlorophyll. Since solar energy is necessary for photosynthesis, the process does not occur at night due to lack of sunlight. The final products of photosynthesis are carbohydrates and oxygen. The former is distributed in all parts of the factory. The latter is released back to the atmosphere as a gas through the pores in exchange for the absorbed carbon dioxide. The occurrence of photosynthesis in green leaves can be demonstrated by experiments to capture carbon dioxide, water and energy. Leaves, as well as the production of oxygen and carbohydrates. Simple experiments can be established to demonstrate the release of oxygen from green plants, the formation of carbohydrates [ie, starch] in leaves, and the requirement for carbon dioxide, sunlight, and chlorophyll to form starch in green leaves.
Physiological experiments involve placing biological materials such as plants and animals or parts of plants and animals, such as plants and animals, under unusual conditions. Jars, cages or boxes. If an experiment is set up to show the effect of the absence of carbon dioxide during photosynthesis, the results obtained from such an experiment can be considered to be partially attributed to the placement of biological material under unnatural experimental conditions. Two almost identical experiments were established; one was placed under normal conditions [control experiment] in which all the factors required for photosynthesis were present, and the other [test experiment] was placed to eliminate or change individual factors while all other factors were present Under conditions. This allows the experimenter to ensure that the results displayed by his test experiment are due to factors of elimination or variation rather than experimental settings. Therefore, a control experiment can be used as a guide to ensure that the conclusions obtained through the test experiment are not fallacies.
After some appropriate experiment, observations show that oxygen is released only during photosynthesis, ie during the day. If no sunlight is present, no starch will form, although other necessary factors such as water, carbon dioxide and chlorophyll may be present.
Photosynthesis is an essential part of nutrition, and units that live healthy play a role and play an important role in the organism. The complex cellular structure of a plant consists of a primary product of photosynthesis, a simple carbohydrate such as glucose. At this stage, it must be recognized that although people pay much attention to photosynthesis, the process of protein synthesis is as important as the former. During protein synthesis, nitrogen-absorbing compounds absorbed by plants, in some cases, phosphorus and other elements, combine with glucose to form various plant proteins.
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In addition to contributing to the synthesis of plant proteins, glucose is also important because it can be converted to fats and oils after a series of chemical reactions. It is also the main product for the formation of other organic compounds.
The importance of photosynthesis in all food cycles cannot be overemphasized. Animals cannot use the sun's energy to synthesize energy-rich compounds from readily available materials such as water and carbon dioxide, found in the atmosphere around us, while the sun's ultraviolet rays produce some living organisms; melanin and keratin affect The color and strength of animal skin, as well as some internal damage. Fortunately, however, plants can use the energy provided by sunlight to synthesize and store energy-rich compounds, and ultimately all forms of animal life depend on these compounds.
In order to survive, humans not only eat plant products such as fruits, vegetables and grains, but also eat animals such as cattle and fish. Cows and other herbivores depend entirely on the survival of plants. Although some fish are herbivorous, other fish have a mixed diet, while a large number of fish are completely carnivorous. Carnivores depend on plants for their livelihood. Their immediate diet consists of smaller animals that themselves must be fed on the plant [if not all]. Photosynthesis is the first step in all food cycles.
During photosynthesis, carbon dioxide is removed from the atmosphere and oxygen is added to it. If this purification process does not exist in nature, the atmosphere will soon be saturated with carbon dioxide during the process of animal and plant respiration and decomposition of organic matter, so that all life is gradually stopped. Without photosynthesis, there is no nutrition. And if...
Orignal From: Effects of photosynthetic nutrition on health and life
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