Have you ever thought about your child's thoughts and behaviors? Our understanding of human nature and child development continues to advance, but all children are different and no one can get all the answers. However, some accepted theories can provide useful insights for early development and help you better care for your child.
In the early days of childhood, we developed the foundations of intelligence, personality, social behavior and learning ability. Four theories are worth reviewing, including attachment, psychosocial, cognitive development, and sociocultural theory.
1. Attachment Theory [Bowlby]: This theory revolves around strong emotional and physical connections to create a sense of security for children. Connect with caregivers who can help with the needs of the baby. Therefore, babies know that caregivers are dependent, which creates a safe foundation for children to explore their surroundings.
For example: Jordan, who is six months old, likes baby toys and interacts with others. Jordan responds to anyone and feels uneasy when someone stops talking to him.
2. Theory of psychosocial development [Erikson]: In this theory, social development occurs based on a turning point in one's life, including hope [born to 2 years old], will [2-4 years old], purpose [age] 4-5], competency [5-12 years old], loyalty [13-19 years old], love [20-39 years old], nursing [40-64 years old] and wisdom [over 65 years old].
Example: Two-year-old Jennifer has recently squirmed and said "no" when her nanny tried to fix her in the car seat. Jennifer began to develop her sense of self and was separated from her caregivers. Her nanny must always set limits and work with Jennifer to make sure she is safe when riding a car. The nanny can increase Jennifer's willingness to comply by providing special praise and allows Jennifer to choose a special toy when she enters her car seat without resistance. Choosing your own clothes will also help Jennifer gain more independence.
3. Cognitive Development Theory [Piaget]: This theory is based on a four-stage model that describes how the mind processes new information. These stages are sensorimotor [born to 2 years old], preoperative [2-7 years old], specific operations [7-11 years old] and formal surgery [12 years old and older].
Example: The five-year-old Zachary is still self-centered, trying to see other people's ideas but starting to think in a symbolic way and using words to represent objects. Zachary likes to read and is building a language foundation. At this stage, caregivers should continue to read books every day, encourage play, and share logical thinking. By explaining it as a grandma's winter time, etc., a jacket is needed to help stay in Zachary, Texas to find out why the clothes are in the trunk.
4. Social and Cultural Theory [Vygotsky]: This development theory stems from the interaction of children and tools in the social environment with others. Community, culture and interaction are key to child development and learning.
Example: Alex, 7 years old, is working hard to solve the puzzle game. Through interaction with adults, Alex learned how to separate the edges, put the borders together, and classify the internals by color or design. Working with adults, Alex has developed skills that can be applied to future jigsaw puzzles.
There are other child theories that can help parents and other caregivers teach them how to spend time with their children, strengthen positive skills, monitor behavior and set limits, and reduce the use of strict discipline. These basic nursing skills can help children develop prosocial behavior, self-regulation, and other skills they need to succeed in school and at home.
Orignal From: 4 children's development theories that can help you take better care of your children
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